Use of Animals In Research
Aaltola, Elisa. "The Politics and Ethics of Animal Experimentation." International Journal of Biotechnology 7.4 (2005): 234-49.
Akins, Chana K. Sangeeta Panicker, and Christopher L. Cunningham. Laboratory Animals in Research and Teaching, Ethics, Care, and Methods. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2005.
American Medical Association. Use of Animals in Biomedical Research: The Challenge and Response. AMA White Paper. Chicago: AMA, 1988.
Anderson, Warwick. “A New Approach to Regulating the Use of Animals in Science.” Bioethics 4.1 (1990): 45-54.
“Anesthesia and Paralysis in Experimental Animals.” Visual Neuroscience 1.4 (1984): 421-6. Report of a workshop held in Bethesda, Md., Oct. 27, 1984. Organized by the Division of Research Grants, National Institutes of Health. England: VN, 1984.
Baird, Robert M., ed. Animal Experimentation: The Moral Issue. Prometheus:
Buffalo, 1991.
Baker, R. M., G. Jenkin and D. J. Mellor, eds. Improving the Well-being
of Animals in the Research Environment: Proceedings of the Conference Held
at the Marriott Hotel, Sydney, October 1993. Glen Osmond, SA, Australia:
Australian and New Zealand Council for the Care of Animals in Research and
Teaching (ANZCCART), 1994.
Balls, M. "Animal Experimentation: Should the Three Rs be Abandoned?"
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: ATLA 34.2 (2006): 139-41.
Beauchamp, Tom L. “Opposing Views on Animal Experimentation: Do Animals
Have Rights?” Ethics and Behavior 7.2 (1997): 113-121.
Bennett, B. T., M. J. Brown and J. C. Schofield. Essentials for Animal Research: a Primer for Research Personnel. 2nd ed. Beltsville, MD: National Agricultural Library, 1994.
Bernstein, Mark H. On Moral Considerability: an Essay on Who Morally Matters.
New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Bishop, Laura Jane and Anita Lonnes Nolen. "Animals in Research and
Education: Ethical Issues.” Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 11.1
(March 2001): 91-112.
Carroll, Jamuna. Do Animals have Rights?. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven
Press, 2005.
Carbone, Larry. What Animals Want: Expertise and Advocacy in Laboratory
Animal Welfare Policy. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Casey, K. L. and R. Dubner. "Animal Models of Chronic Pain: Scientific
and Ethical Issues.” Pain 38 (1989): 249-252.
Clark, Stephen R. L. Animals and Their Moral Standing. London: Routledge,
1997.
Clune, Alan C. “Biomedical Testing on Nonhuman Animals: An Attempt
at a ‘Rapprochement’ between ‘Utilitarianism’ and
Theories of Inherent Value.” Monist 79.2 (1996): 230-246.
Cothran, Helen. Animal Experimentation: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego:
Greenhaven Press. 2002.
Dawkins, M. S. Through Our Eyes Only? The Search for Animal Consciousness.
New York: W. H. Freeman, 1993.
DeGrazia, David. “The Distinction Between Equality in Moral Status
and Deserving Equal Consideration.” Between the Species (1991): 73-77.
---. Taking Animals Seriously: Mental Life and Moral Status. Cambridge:
Cambridge U. Press, 1996.
Dol, Marcel. Animal Consciousness and Animal Ethics: Perspectives From the
Netherlands. Assen, The Netherlands: Van Gorcum, 1997.
Dolan, Kevin. Ethics, Animals, and Science. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1999.
Donnelley, Strachan. “Speculative Philosophy, the Troubled Middle,
and the Ethics of Animal Experimentation.” Hastings Center Report
19 (1989): 15-21.
Donnelley, Strachan and Kathleen Nolan, eds. “Animals, Science, and
Ethics.” Hastings Center Report 20.3 (1990): Supp. 1-32.
Dresser, Rebecca. “Standards for Animal Research: Looking at the Middle.”
Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 13 (1988): 123-143.
---. “Measuring Merit in Animal Research.” Theoretical Medicine
10 (1989): 21-34.
Festing, S., and T. Patel. "The Ethics of Research Involving Animals: A Review of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics Report from a Research Perspective." ATLA Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33.6 (2005): 654-8.
Forni, M. “Laboratory animal science: A resource to improve the quality of science.” Veterinary Research Communications 31 Supliment 1 (2007): 43-47.
Fox, Michael Allen. The Case for Animal Experimentation: An Evolutionary
and Ethical Perspective. Berkeley: U. of California Press, 1986.
---. “Animal Experimentation: A Philosopher’s Changing Views.” Between the Species 3 (1987): 55-60.
Foundation for Biomedical Research. The Biomedical Investigator's Handbook for Researchers Using Animal Models. Washington, DC: FBR, 1987.
---. Understanding the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research, Animal Research
and Human Health. Washington, DC: FBR, 1992.
Francione, Gary L. “The use of nonhuman animals in biomedical research:
Necessity and justification.” Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics
35.2 (Summer 2007): 241-248.
Frey, R. G. "Animals, Science and Morality.” Behavioral and Brain
Sciences 13 (1990): 22.
---. "The Ethics of the Search for Benefits: Animal Experimentation
in Medicine.” Principles of Health Care Ethics Ed. R. Gillon. New
York: Wiley, 1993. 335-344.
---. "Medicine, Animal Experimentation, and the Moral Problem of Unfortunate
Humans.” Social Philosophy and Policy 13.2 (Summer 1996): 181-211.
---. "Pain, Vivisection, and the Value of Life." Journal of Medical
Ethics 31.4 (2005): 202-4; discussion 204.
Gagneux, P., J. J. Moore, and A. Varki. "The Ethics of Research on
Great Apes." Nature 437.7055 (2005): 27-9.
Galvin, S. and H. A. Herzog. Jr., "Ethical Ideology, Animal Activism
and Attitudes Toward the Treatment of Animals.” Ethics and Behavior
2 (1992): 141-149.
Garner, Robert. Animal Rights: the Changing Debate. Basingstoke, Hampshire:
Macmillan, 1996.
Gaughen, Shasta. Animal Rights. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2005.
Gluck, John p. and Jordan Bell. “Ethical Issues in the Use of Animals
in Biomedical and Psychopharmacological Research.” Psychopharmacology.
171.1 (2003): 6-12.
Gluck, John P., Tony DiPasquale, and F. Barbara Orlans. Applied Ethics in Animal Research. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue Univeristy Press, 2002.
Goldberg, Alan M. and L. F. M. van Zutphen, eds. World Congress on Alternatives
and Animal Use in the Life Sciences: Education, Research, Testing. New York:
Mary Ann Liebert, 1995.
Gould, J. L. and C. G. Gould. The Animal Mind. Scientific American Library.
San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1991.
Grayson, Lesley. Animals in Research: For and Against. London: British Library,
2000.
Griffin, D. R. Animal Minds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
Guerrini, Anita. Experimenting with Humans and Animals: From Galen to Animal
Rights. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.
Hart, Lynette A. Responsible Conduct with Animals in Research. New York:
Oxford U. Press, 1998.
Haugen, David M. Animal Experimentation. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2007.
Hendriksen, C. F. M. "The Ethics of Research Involving Animals: A Review
of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics Report from Three Rs Perspective."
ATLA Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33.6 (2005): 659-62.
Herzog, H. A. "Human Morality and Animal Research.” American
Scholar 62 (1993): 337-349.
Humber, James M., ed. Biomedical Ethics Reviews. Clifton, NJ: Humana Press,
1990.
Jasper, J. M. and D. Nelkin. The Animal Rights Crusade: The Growth of a
Moral Protest. New York: Free Press, 1992.
Kolar, R. “Animal Experimentation.” Science and Engineering
Ethics 12.1 (Jan 2006): 111-22.
Koppelman, Elysa. “Federal Regulation for Animal Research.”
In Group Mentoring in Responsible Research Conduct: A Modular Sequence of
Activities in the Responsible Conduct of Research for Faculty, Trainees,
and Staff. Cambridge, MA: MIT. Undated. < http://www.onlineethics.org/cms/16217.aspx
>.
Kowalski, Gary. “The Ethics Crunch: Can Medical Science Advance Without the Use of Animals?” Between the Species 6.1 (1990): 22-24.
LaFollette, Hugh and Niall Shanks. “Animal Models in Biomedical Research:
Some Epistemological Worries.” Public Affairs Quarterly 7.2 (1993):
113-130.
---. “The Intact Systems Argument: Problems with the Standard Defense
of Animal Experimentation.” Southern Journal of Philosophy 31.3 (1993):
323-333.
---. “Two Models of Models in Biomedical Research.” Philosophical
Quarterly 45.179 (1995): 141-160.
---. “Utilizing Animals.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 12.1
(1995): 13-25.
Langley, Gill, ed. Animal Experimentation: The Consensus Changes. Routledge: New York, 1989.
Lansdell, H. “Laboratory Animals Need Only Humane Treatment: Animal ‘Rights’ May Debase Human Rights.” International Journal of Neuroscience 42. 3&4 (Oct. 1988): 169-78.
Lassen, J., M. Gjerris, and P. Sandøe. "After Dolly - Ethical Limits to the use of Biotechnology on Farm Animals." Theriogenology 65.5 SPEC. ISS. (2006): 992-1004.
Machan, T. R. "Why Human Beings May Use Animals." Journal of Value Inquiry 36.1 (2002): 9-14.
Maloney, Dennis M. “Link Between Animal Studies and Risks for Human Subjects.” Human Research Report 17.7 (July 2002): 5.
Margalit, E. et al. “Retinal Prosthesis for the Blind.” Survey of Ophthalmology. 47.4 (2002) 335-56.
McCloskey, H. J. “The Moral Case for Experimentation on Animals.” Monist 70 (1987): 64-82.
Miller, Harlan B. and William H. Williams. Ethics and Animals. Clifton, N.J: Humana Press, 1983.
Monamy, Vaughan. Animal Experimentation: A Guide to the Issues. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
National Institutes of Health. Preparation and Maintenance of Higher Mammals During Neuroscience Experiments. Report of a National Institutes of Health Workshop. NIH Publication No. 91-3207. Bethesda, MD: NIH/National Eye Institute, 1991.
---. Preparation and Maintenance of Higher Mammals During Neuroscience Experiments. NIH Publication No. 94-3207. Bethesda, MD: NIH/National Eye Institute, 1994.
National Research Council (U.S.). Science, Medicine, and Animals: A Circle of Discovery. Washington, DC: National Research Council, National Academies Press, 2004.
National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1988.
Norcross, Alastair. Three Approaches to the Ethical Status of Animals.
Occasional Paper #9. Dallas, TX: Maguire Center for Ethics and Public Responsibility,
2000.
Nuffield Council on Bioethics. The Ethics of Research Involving Animals.
London: Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 2005.
Nussbaum, M. C. "The Moral Status of Animals." Chronicle of Higher
Education 52.22 (2006): B6-8.
Orlans, F. Barbara. In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal
Experimentation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
---. The Human Use of Animals: Case Studies in Ethical Choice. New York:
Oxford U. Press, 1998.
Orlans, F. Barbara, Kenneth D. Pimple and John P. Gluck, eds. Special Issue:
Ethical Issues in the Use of Animals in Research. Mahwah, N.J: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, 1997. Originally published Ethics & Behavior 7.2
(1997): [89]-192.
Paul, Ellen Frankel and Jeffrey Paul. Why Animal Experimentation Matters:
the Use of Animals in Medical Research. New Brunswick, N.J.: Social Philosophy
and Policy Foundation: Transaction, 2001.
Perry, Baroness. "Animal Research: Unraveling the Ethical Debate."
Chemical Engineer (London) 772 (2005): 39-41.
Perry, Pauline. “The Ethics of Animal Research: A UK Perspective.”
ILAR Journal 48.1 (2007): 42-46.
Phillips, Mary T. and Jeri A. Sechzer. Animal Research and Ethical Conflict.
New York: Springer Verlag, 1989.
Radzikowski, C. "Protection of Animal Research Subjects." Science
and Engineering Ethics 12.1 (2006): 103-10.
Regan, Tom and Peter Singer. “Animal Rights and Human Obligations.”
2nd ed. Englewood, NJ: Cliffs Prentice Hall, 1989.
Rennie, AE., and H.M. Buchanan-Smith. “Refinement of the Use of Non-Human
Primates in Scientific Research. Part I: The Influence of Humans.”
Animal Welfare 15.3 (August 2006): 203-213.
--. “Refinement of the Use of Non-Human Primates in Scientific Research.
Part III: Refinement of Procedures.” Animal Welfare 15.3 (August 2006):
239-261.
Rollin, B.E. “The regulation of animal research and the emergence
of animal ethics: a conceptual history.” Theoretical Medicine and
Bioethics 27.4 (2006): 285-304.
Rollin, Bernard E. “Reasonable Partiality and Animal Ethics.” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice: An International Forum 8.1-2 (Apr 2005): 105-21.
---. The Unheeded Cry: Animal Consciousness, Animal Pain, and Science.
New York: Oxford U. Press, 1989.
Rowan, Andrew N. Of Mice, Models & Men: A Critical Evaluation of Animal
Research. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1984.
Rowan, Andrew N., Franklin M. Loew, and Joan C. Weer. The Animal Research
Controversy: Protest, Process & Public Policy: An Analysis of Strategic
Issues. North Grafton, MA: Center for Animals & Public Policy, Tufts
University School of Veterinary Medicine, 1995.
Rudacille, Deborah. The Scalpel and the Butterfly: the War Between Animal
Research and Animal Protection. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.
Saha, Pamela and Subrata Saha. “Ethical Issues on the Use of Animals
in the Testing of Medical Implants.” Journal of Long-Term Effects
of Medical Implants 1.2 (1991): 127-134.
Sapontzis, Steve F. “Some Reflections on Animal Research.” Between the Species 1 (1985): 18-24.
---. Morals, Reason and Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987.
---. “On Justifying the Exploitation of Animals in Research.” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 13 (1988): 177-196.
---. “Animal Rights and Biomedical Research.” Journal of Value Inquiry 26.1 (1992): 73-86.
Saucier, Donald A. and Mary E. Cain. “ The Foundations of Attitudes about Animal Research.” Ethics & Behavior 16.2 (April 2006): 117-133.
Schuppi, C.A., Fraser D., and McDonald. M. “Expanding the Three R’s to Meet New Challenges in Humane Animal Experimentation.” ATLA Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 32.5 (November 2004): 525-32.
Shanks, Niall. Animals and Science: a Guide to The Debates. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002.
Shanks, Niall and Hugh LaFollette. Brute Science: Dilemmas of Animal Experimentation. Routledge: New York, 1996.
Shanks, Niall and Keith Green. “Evolution and the Ethics of Animal Research.” Essays in Philosophy 5.2 (June 2004): 1-12.
Silverstein, Helena. Unleashing Rights: Law, Meaning, and the Animal Rights
Movement. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996.
Singer, Peter, ed. In Defense of Animals. New York: Blackwell, 1985.
Smith, J. A. and K. M. Boyd. Lives in the Balance: The Ethics of Using
Animals in Biomedical Research. Oxford: Oxford U. Press, 1991.
Society for Neuroscience. Handbook for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience
Research. 18 July 1997. 8 sects. 25 Oct. 2001. <http://www.sfn.org/pubs/handbook>
Sorabji, Richard. Animal Minds and Human Morals: the Origins of the Western
Debate. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell U. Press, 1993.
Sprigge, T. L. S. “Animal Experimentation in Biomedical Research:
A Critique.” Principles of Health Care Ethics Ed. R. Gillon. New York:
Wiley and Sons, 1994. 1053-1066.
Steinmetz, Peter N. and Stephen I. Helms Tillery. “Animal Models:
Some Empirical Worries.” Public Affairs Quarterly 8.3 (1994): 287-298.
Sztubel, D. “A Living Will Clause for Supporters of Animal Experimentation.”
Journal of Applied Philosophy 23.2: 173-189.
Tannenbaum, Jerrold and Andrew N. Rowan. “Rethinking the Morality
of Animal Research.” Hastings Center Report 15 (1985): 32-43.
Taylor, Angus. Magpies, Monkeys, and Morals: What Philosophers Say About
Animal Liberation. Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press, 1999.
Taylor, Victoria J. et al. The Exploitation of Mammal Populations. London:
Chapman & Hall, 1996.
Theune, E. et al. “A Comparison of Three Models for Ethical Evaluation
of Proposed Animal Experiments.” Animal Welfare 3.2 (1994): 107-129.
Thomas, D. "The Ethics of Research Involving Animals: A Review of the
Nuffield Council on Bioethics Report from an Antivivisectionist Perspective."
ATLA Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33.6 (2005): 663-7.
Tremayne-Lloyd, Tracey and Gary Srebrolow. “Research ethics approval
for human and animal experimentation: Consequences of failing to obtain
approval- including legal and professional liability.” Journal of
the Canadian Chiropractic Association 51.1 (March 2007): 56-60.
Vanner,i Gary. “The Prospects for Consensus and Convergence in the
Animal Rights Debate.” Hastings Center Report 24.1 (1994): 24-28.
Verhoog H. “The Tension Between Common Sense and Scientific Perceptions of Animals: Recent Developments in Research on Animal Integrity.” NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 54.4 (February 2007): 361-373.
Weliky, M. and L. C. Katz. “Functional Mapping of Horizontal Connections in Developing Ferret Visual-cortex -- Experiments and Modeling.” Journal of Neuroscience 14 (1994): 7291-7305.
Zamir, T. “Killing for Knowledge.” Journal of Applied Philosophy 21.1 (2006): 17-40.
Zhou, D.D. and R.J. Greenberg. “Microsensors and Microbiosensors
for Retinal Implants.” Frontiers in Bioscience: A Journal and Virtual
Library 10 (January 2005) 166-179.
