<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><rec-number>7174</rec-number><ref-type>Journal Article</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross, Tom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Academic Freedom and the Hacker Ethic</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Communications of the ACM</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACADEMIC FREEDOM AND THE HACKER ETHIC</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">computer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computer Ethics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COMPUTER science</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FUKUYAMA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hacking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intellectual</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">INTELLECTUAL freedom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">technology</style></keyword></keywords><taxonomies><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intellectual Freedom</style></taxonomy><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computer Ethics</style></taxonomy><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computer Science</style></taxonomy></taxonomies><pubtype><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal Article</style></pubtype><audience-level><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ug</style></audience-level><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-40</style></pages><issn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">00010782</style></issn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The article discusses academic freedom and the relationship of computer hackers to government, business and academic establishments. It critically examines the interest, usually with good intentions, of computer hackers to examine computer codes to uncover and solve security vulnerabilities. The article examines ways that academia and government have interacted with the hacker community. The author also discusses the idea, advanced by political economist Francis Fukuyama, that government should control basic research and provide direction for all research. Many scientists and researchers believe that this idea is a dangerous strike at academic freedom.</style></abstract><doi><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1145/1132469.1132498</style></doi><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21080981</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross, Tom; Email Address: tom@memestreams.net; Issue Info: Jun2006, Vol. 49 Issue 6, p37; Thesaurus Term: HACKING (Computer security); Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER networks -- Security measures; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTER security; Thesaurus Term: DATA protection; Thesaurus Term: COMPUTERS; Subject Term: STUDY &amp; teaching; Subject Term: TECHNOLOGY &amp; state; Subject Term: INTELLECTUAL freedom; NAICS/Industry Codes: 611420 Computer Training; People: FUKUYAMA, Francis; Number of Pages: 4p; Document Type: Article</style></notes></record></records></xml>