<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><rec-number>6605</rec-number><ref-type>Journal Article</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollmer, Sara H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howard, George</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistical Power, the Belmont Report, and the Ethics of Clinical Trials</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science &amp; Engineering Ethics</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistical Power, the Belmont Report, and the Ethics of Clinical Trials</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belmont</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BIOETHICS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COMPLIANCE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ethics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human Research Subjects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MEDICINE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RCR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">statistical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">STATISTICS</style></keyword></keywords><taxonomies><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Statistics</style></taxonomy><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human Research Subjects</style></taxonomy><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioethics</style></taxonomy><taxonomy><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicine</style></taxonomy></taxonomies><pubtype><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal Article</style></pubtype><audience-level><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ug</style></audience-level><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">675-691</style></pages><issn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13533452</style></issn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Designing a good clinical trial increases the likelihood that a trial will take place as planned, including that data will be obtained from a sufficient number of participants, and the total number of participants will be the minimal required to gain the knowledge sought. A good trial design also increases the likelihood that the knowledge sought by the experiment will be forthcoming. Achieving such a design is more than good sense-it is ethically required in experiments when participants are at risk of harm. This paper argues that doing a power analysis effectively contributes to ensuring that a trial design is good, and is important even when the possibility of risk is minimal to human subjects participating in the research.</style></abstract><doi><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1007/s11948-010-9244-0</style></doi><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55613091</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollmer, Sara H. 1; Email Address: vollmer@uab.edu Howard, George 2; Email Address: ghoward@uab.edu; Affiliation: 1: Department of Philosophy, UAB Center for Ethics and Values in the Sciences, 900 13th St South, 414A, Birmingham, AL 35294-1260, USA 2: Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Source Info: Dec2010, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p675; Subject Term: STATISTICAL power analysis; Subject Term: RESEARCH; Subject Term: ETHICS; Subject Term: COMPLIANCE; Subject Term: CLINICAL trials; Author-Supplied Keyword: Belmont Report; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethical frameworks; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethical reasoning; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethical thinking; Author-Supplied Keyword: Ethics of clinical trials; Author-Supplied Keyword: RCR; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research compliance; Author-Supplied Keyword: Research oversight; Author-Supplied Keyword: Statistical power; Number of Pages: 17p; Illustrations: 1 Graph; Document Type: Article</style></notes></record></records></xml>