Nano-safety science for assuring the safety of nanomaterials.

With the fast pace of new developments in the field of nanotechnology, and the use of nanotechnology in biomedical applications and other areas,there is also an increased concern about some nanomaterials potential risks to human health. In this article, the authors have attempted to elucidate the pharmacodynamics and safety of nanomaterials in order to develop novel, safe nanomaterials and to establish scientifically based regulations. In this review, the authors introduce our data on the safety of nanosilicas, particularly the relationships among their physical properties (predominant grain size, configuration, and surface charge), pharmacodynamics, and safety.